AI and Social Robot in Universal Design City
SPEAKER: Sekyong Song (Korea, KAIST)
The world we exist in consists of matter and spirit. Materials can be connected to robots and minds can be connected to AI, and a society where these two coexist is coming. Depending on how artificial intelligence combines with the most important nature of humans, our future can be either dystopia or utopia. In order to contribute to opening up a positive future with robots and technology, I would like to introduce the experience of conducting research and business on trans-advanced artificial intelligence robots.
1. Understanding the 4th Industrial Revolution, a period of revolution in the history of civilization
The world is changing rapidly. In the pre-modern era, God became religious and powerful, and in the modern era, manufacturing developed, and after post-modernism, information acquisition accelerated and entered the stage of self-realization. In response to these changes, global masters have noted that additional investments are no longer needed for production, and this is called the end of society of ownership at a marginal cost. This phenomenon is the Fourth Industrial Revolution.
In his book Homo Sapiens, Yuval Harari said that humans have destroyed the earth rather than develop it. Thoughts created language and characters, and intelligence created ideologies and cultures. As the output of the data is exploding now, the world has become a world where those who rule data rule the world. The development of artificial intelligence, which started from human desire, makes humans imagine a frightening future. According to the principle of mass and energy equivalence, changes are taking place in which existence is created from nothing and new birth is created from existence, just as we experienced the duality of nuclear weapons and nuclear power plants. This includes the possibility that mankind can enjoy bliss due to technology, but it can also create a dystopia.
Among the traditional concepts of the East, the elements that make up all things are called heaven and earth. Today, new connections and opportunities are emerging between these elements. The connection of time and space, the connection of digital and analog, the connection of cyber and physical, and the connection of thoughts and objects are made, and these become the basis of universal design.
In the physical world that exists between technology and people, that is, in the real world, new combinations of connections are being made, and artificial intelligence is being developed dramatically. In other words, artificial intelligence was born by imitating the mechanism of the human brain as it is, and artificial intelligence can be said to be the way to know human intelligence made of human intelligence.
In the existing real world, we understand an object through recognition, and express it through verbal or non-verbal abstraction. Our expressions are soon replaced by signs, and AI acts as a means to connect things and signs. It is the principle of artificial intelligence that recognizes data to make functions and expresses them to create symbols, and to find the logic between symbols, that is, reasoning and prediction are possible.
2. Understanding Artificial Intelligence
Artificial intelligence serves as a guide to our being and thinking. We often hear speculation and worry about the counterattack of artificial intelligence (AI) that AI will take away our jobs recently, and AI technology is only helping us do what we used to do more conveniently. The breakthrough of artificial intelligence can be thought of as a new scientific technique that has begun to utilize human wisdom.
In understanding artificial intelligence, we need to approach the brain scientifically. There are 100 billion neurons in the brain and 100 trillion synapses. The brain collects a lot of information using a lot of stems, and creates a function by abstracting a certain object. If you do this repeatedly, wisdom is generated along with the period of rapid expansion, which was a unique ability of humans, but artificial intelligence started to use the same pattern of methods.
The way we see the world can take two ways: the way we see the world and the way we listen in time series. When learning and communicating with the world, you can use the technique of seeing the world as an image and the technique of seeing the world as a signal, as well as the technique of expressing it through images. The phenomenon of accumulating visually acquired content while focusing on an object is called encoding, and recognizing and reinterpreting it is called decoding. Encoding and decoding, which are also the latest techniques in artificial intelligence, are applied to artificial intelligence by combining technology with the paradigm of thinking that is already used in the human brain. In addition to this, a technology has been developed to re-express what has been learned as an image as a picture, which is called a Convolution Neural Network (CNN). However, artificial intelligence has the characteristic of being able to grow explosively by labeling all acquired data and creating algorithms. The problem we face with the emergence of such a superbrain is the problem of data monopoly and the creation of Artificial Super Intelligence in the divine domain.
3. Misconceptions about robots
In the history of mankind, robots have made humans happy, and there will come an era in which robots will replace simple repetitive or complex tasks. Robots are subjects that perform labor, slavery, and work, and AI and robots are performing the roles of slaves and labor that were actually played by humans in the past human society. Since humans, robots, and AI have different roles, I am convinced that a world in which the three actors coexist is inevitable, and that is the future of the universal city.
The first liberation of labor came from industrial robots, and while it is difficult for humans to control emotions, service robots are replacing emotional services related to emotions. Among these, the most important are the concepts of social and beneficial. The newly required design of the robot should consider not only hardware and software, but also soul, which corresponds to a healthy mind.
A robot as an interactive subject that warmly welcomes and embraces humans. We call this a social robot. In our society, the number of elderly people is gradually increasing and the number of single-person households is also increasing. It is expected that intelligent bodies that can protect them from loneliness and alienation and take care of their emotions will appear in the near future.
In the era of hyper-connectivity and super-intelligence, everything in the world is being connected to AI and made into robots. Smartphones, smart robots, and smart spaces are examples, and their development is accelerating. Automated and unmanned spaces such as unmanned shops and unmanned hotels are being created, and another smart space is autonomous cars, including restaurants, libraries, and sleeping spaces that will appear in the near future. This is another function and action of technology that can change our life paradigm.
We are already reaching the stage of self-actualization. Robots and artificial intelligence will sacrifice for human self-realization, and a new design is needed for this. We are facing a major change right now, and we will have to make an effort so that the East and the West, technology and humans, and the past and the future can prosper together by advantageously combining future technology, natural principles, and universal values of mankind.
